PERANCANGAN PENEPAT DAN PENCEKAM YANG ERGONOMIS PROSES PENGECATAN KURSI

Abstract

The chair painting process in the furniture industry often requires operators to work in unnatural postures, such as bending over and reaching excessively. This condition is caused by workstations that are not designed according to the dimensions of the operator's body, thus having a high potential to cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and reduce productivity. This study aims to design an ergonomic jig and fixture to assist in the chair painting process, thereby creating a safer, more comfortable, and more efficient work system. The design method was carried out using a participatory ergonomic approach through the collection of anthropometric data from 30 operator samples. Seven key dimensions of the body relevant to work activities were measured, including Standing Elbow Height (SEH), Standing Shoulder Height (SSH), Forward Reach (FR), Standing Hip Height (SHH), Standing Knee Height (SKH), Standing Thigh Height (STH), and Standing Lower Back Height (SLBH). Seven key body dimensions relevant to work activities—including Standing Elbow Height (SEH), Standing Shoulder Height (SSH), Forward Reach (FR), Hand Width (HW), Grip Diameter (GD), Standing Eye Height (SEH), and Shoulder Width (SW)—were measured and statistically processed to obtain the 5th percentile (P5), 50th percentile (P50), and 95th percentile (P95) values. These percentile values were then used as quantitative references in determining the technical specifications of each component of the designed assistive device. The result of this research is a conceptual design for a grip and clamp with superior ergonomic features. The main specifications of this design include: (1) A height adjustment mechanism that can be adjusted within a range of 95.5 cm (P5 TSB) to 109.7 cm (P95 TSB) to accommodate various operator postures; (2) A 360° rotation mechanism that allows the operator to reach the entire surface of the chair without having to change position; and (3) A locking lever design with a diameter of 4.6 cm (P50 DG) placed within a maximum reach radius of 61.3 cm (P5 JTD) from the operator. With the implementation of this assistive device design, the operator's working posture can be significantly improved, thereby minimizing the risk of injury due to repetitive work. This design has the potential to not only improve occupational health and safety, but also the efficiency of the painting process by reducing unnecessary movements